Crimson Publishers-Mechanical Engineering

An Investigation into a Spring Based Ankle Joint Designed for Lower Limb Prosthesis by Sayem Hossain Bhuiyan* in Evolutions in Mechanical Engineering_  Ankle Joint Abstract A spring based Ankle Joint is designed to improve the performance of mechanical type prostheses. The torsional and compression springs with the help of some foot plate arrangement is used to enable the prosthesis in producing desired flexion and extension and also storing and returning energy by the ankle joint during the gait cycle. The motion analysis and Finite-Element Analysis (FEA) of ankle joint components are carried out to assess the feasibility of the design. The FEA results are then compared with the real data obtained from the literature for a similar subject. The pattern of motion analysis results has shown a great resemblance with the gait cycle of a healthy biological limb, and the design is identified to be safe with factory of safety of 1.9 from the FEA results. For more open access journals in...

Cognitive Automation and its Impact on Additive Manufacturing by Albert Jones* in Evolutions in Mechanical Engineering_ Cognitive Automation Abstract The English word manufacturing firstly appeared in 1683 and it was derived from Latin manu factus, meaning making by hand. For more than thousands of years now, and four Industrial Revolutions, the physical, and mostly mechanical processes, associated with making things have evolved substantially. That evolution, which we call physical automation, essentially changes manufacturing from making by- humans hand only to making-by-machine only.A similar evolution is taking place with the cognitive processes that occur as part of design, engineering, the manufacturing, control, and inspection.We call that evolution cognitive automation. In this paper, we provide a history of both physical and cognitive automation.That history evolves based on summaries of the four industrial Revolutions.The focus of this paper is on the current state of cogniti...